Written by: Ye Zhen
Source: Wallstreetcn
On Tuesday, bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies led a rebound in risk assets, driven by a major shift from global asset management giant Vanguard.
After Monday's plunge, bitcoin strongly reclaimed the $90,000 mark on Tuesday, surging more than 6% in a single day, while ethereum returned above $3,000.
Meanwhile, Trump hinted that his economic advisor Kevin Hassett is a potential candidate for Federal Reserve Chair. Coupled with stabilization in Japanese bond auctions, this put slight downward pressure on US Treasury yields and the dollar index, easing market liquidity concerns and fueling a significant global risk asset rebound.
On Tuesday, Vanguard confirmed that clients can now purchase third-party crypto ETFs and mutual funds, such as BlackRock's iShares Bitcoin Trust ETF, through its brokerage platform. This marks the first time the asset management giant, known for its conservative investment philosophy, has opened crypto investment channels to its 8 million self-directed brokerage clients.
Bloomberg analyst Eric Balchunas pointed out that this is a classic "Vanguard effect." On the first trading day after Vanguard's shift, bitcoin surged at the US stock market open, and BlackRock's IBIT saw trading volume exceed $1 billion within the first 30 minutes, indicating that even conservative investors want to "add some excitement" to their portfolios.
Vanguard had previously firmly refused to enter the crypto space, arguing that digital assets were too speculative and volatile, inconsistent with its core philosophy of long-term balanced portfolios. The current shift reflects ongoing pressure from retail and institutional demand, as well as concerns about missing out on a rapidly growing market opportunity.
As BlackRock achieves great success with its bitcoin ETF, Vanguard's loosening stance on this emerging asset class, despite its adherence to "Bogleism," will have a profound impact on future capital flows.
Vanguard's Major Shift: From "Resistance" to "Openness"
The core driver of this market sentiment reversal comes from a change in attitude by Vanguard, the world's second-largest asset management company. According to Bloomberg, starting Tuesday, Vanguard allows clients with brokerage accounts to buy and trade ETFs and mutual funds that primarily hold cryptocurrencies (such as BlackRock's IBIT).
This decision is a clear compromise. Since the US approved spot bitcoin ETFs in January 2024, Vanguard had banned trading of such products on its platform, citing "high volatility and speculation of digital assets, unsuitable for long-term portfolios." However, as bitcoin ETFs attracted tens of billions of dollars in assets and BlackRock's IBIT remained as large as $70 billion even after pullbacks, continued demand from clients—both retail and institutional—forced Vanguard to change its stance.
In addition, Vanguard's current CEO Salim Ramji was formerly an executive at BlackRock and a long-time advocate of blockchain technology. His appointment is also seen as an internal factor in this policy shift. Vanguard executive Andrew Kadjeski stated that crypto ETFs have withstood market volatility and that management processes are now mature.
However, Vanguard still maintains some restraint: the company has made it clear that it currently has no plans to launch its own crypto investment products, and leveraged and inverse crypto products remain excluded from the platform.
The Duel of Two Giants Faces a Reshuffle
This move by Vanguard once again brings its three-decade-long "duel of giants" with BlackRock to the forefront. According to the book "The First Lesson in Global ETF Investing," the two companies represent fundamentally different investment philosophies and business models.
BlackRock represents "technique." Founder Larry Fink comes from a top bond trading background, and BlackRock's original mission was "to make better trades." Its core competitiveness lies in its powerful risk control system "Aladdin" and its comprehensive product lineup. BlackRock's iShares has over 400 ETFs covering all types of global assets. For BlackRock, ETFs are tools to meet client trading needs and build portfolios, so it does not exclude any asset class. Whether promoting ESG investing to avoid "climate risk" or launching the first spot bitcoin ETF (IBIT reached $10 billion in scale within 7 weeks of listing, far exceeding Vanguard's expectations and breaking the 3-year record set by the gold ETF), BlackRock has always aimed to be the best "shovel seller" in the market.
Vanguard adheres to "the way." Although founder John Bogle has passed away, his philosophy remains the soul of Vanguard: the best long-term choice for investors is to hold broad market indexes, and Vanguard's mission is to drive costs as low as possible. Thanks to its unique "mutual ownership" structure, Vanguard's fees are extremely low, with only about 80 ETFs, mainly focused on broad-based indexes like VOO and VTI. Its client base is primarily long-term investors and advisors who are sensitive to fees.
The differences between the two companies are fully reflected in spot bitcoin ETFs. BlackRock filed its application as early as June 2023, and its IBIT ETF surpassed $10 billion in assets within 7 weeks of listing, breaking the record set by the gold ETF GLD by 3 years. Vanguard, on the other hand, only allowed clients to trade third-party crypto products this week.
The market is pragmatic. As Vanguard's share of the US ETF market continues to approach and may even surpass BlackRock, spot bitcoin ETFs have become a key variable. Facing BlackRock's huge first-mover advantage in crypto assets and strong client demand for diversified allocation, Vanguard ultimately chose to loosen its trading channels.
Although Vanguard's crypto policy adjustment has come late, the potential demand from its 8 million self-directed clients cannot be underestimated. This change could not only affect short-term capital flows, but also reshape the long-term competitive landscape between the two giants.
